![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() 27, 28 Enhanced direct-injection pyrolytic synthesized CNTs were purchased from Meijo Nano Carbon Co., Ltd. GdI 3 was inserted into CNTs via a well-established vapor-phase technique. 26 In contrast, the effective filling of Gd-compounds into small-diameter SWCNTs has not been established yet. To date, Gd compounds have been successfully encapsulated into non-fluorescent multiwalled CNTs that typically possess large inner hollows. 26 Combined with their intrinsic fluorescence, Gd-containing SWCNTs can serve as a NIR-II and MR dual-modal probe (Fig. 25 For example, when Gd compounds are inserted into CNTs, the filling CNTs can exhibit paramagnetic behaviors. 23, 24 More significantly, the electronic, magnetic, and optical properties of host CNTs can be modulated by the guest species. 15– 22 In recent years, such 1D van der Waals heterostructures have emerged as a new frontier in low-dimensional materials science. Many different types of atoms and molecules have so far been encapsulated inside CNTs whenever their inner diameters and the intercalants fit properly with each other. 13, 14Īnother important feature of SWCNTs is their inner cavity capable of incorporating foreign atoms and molecules. 11 Thereby, the brightly NIR-II fluorescent SWCNTs can be useful for long exposure in vivo imaging of tissues and vessels such as brain capillaries. 12 In addition, SWCNTs tend to remain in blood for a long time. In particular, long-wavelength emission in the second NIR (called NIR-II, 1000–1700 nm) window, which is characteristic of typical SWCNTs, is preferrable to the common first NIR (NIR-I, 650–950 nm) window due to low tissue damage, high signal-to-noise ratio, thus allowing for deeper tissue penetration. In contrast, NIR light is less absorbed by tissues, and thus can reduce signal attenuation from scattering and autofluorescence. 8– 10 Conventional fluorophores emit fluorescence in the visible range (400–650 nm), 11, 12 although visible light suffers from tissue scattering and autofluorescence. 6, 7 One advantage of SWCNTs for diagnostic imaging is their intrinsic fluorescence in the near-infrared (NIR) region. SWCNTs exhibit extraordinary physical, chemical, and mechanical properties that make them exciting materials not only for applications in materials science but also medicinal chemistry. Within various kinds of functional materials, single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), nanoscale cylinders of rolled-up graphene sheets, can be considered as potential candidates for fluorescence and MR dual-modal imaging probes. Then, MRI can be useful as a guiding technique to localize the sites of interest, which enables time-saving diagnoses. However, visualization of anatomical structures by fluorescence is still laborious. 3– 5 Fluorescence imaging has been increasingly recognized as an important real-time visualization technique due to high temporal and spatial resolution. For example, the combination of MRI with optical fluorescence imaging is preferred for fast and dynamic imaging. 2 A single probe that integrates multiple modalities is preferred for in vivo imaging applications. ![]() 1 In recent years, much effort has been dedicated to the development of "multimodal imaging probes" that enable two or more complementary modalities and yield integrated information. In general, each modality utilizes different contrast agents (probes) which possess modality-optimized sizes, chemical compositions, and solubility, and thereby it is difficult to employ a cocktail approach using a mixture of various probes in a single dose. Precise diagnosis and therapeutic interventions require careful and accurate visualization by combining multiple modalities. At present, various modalities such as X-rays, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and computed tomography (CT) scans are available in preclinical research and medical settings. Approximately 95% of the CNTs in SG65i are semiconducting, with approximately 41% of those tubes being (6,5) chirality.Diagnostic imaging is an indispensable tool for visualizing living tissue for the purpose of diagnosing disease in daily clinical practice. Produced using CHASM′s patented CoMoCAT ™ synthesis technology, Signis ® SG65i is a single-wall carbon nanotube (CNT) product uniquely enriched in semiconducting tubes, with (6,5) chirality being most abundant. Suitable for use in printed semiconductors, photovoltaic devices, sensors, medical research, etc. Greener alternative product characteristicsĭesign for Energy Efficiency Learn more about the Principles of Green Chemistry. ≥95% carbon basis (≥95% as carbon nanotubes) ![]()
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